List of Receptors
Receptor | Organism | Cell type | Mechanism of raft association | Methods used to detect raft association | Functional implication |
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Adenosine A1 receptor |
Ventricular cardiomyocyte 1; Kidney epithelial cell 2 Smooth muscle cell line 3 |
Detergent-free 1, 2 Electron microscopy 3; Confocal microscopy 3 |
Agonist stimulation leads to translocation out of 1or into caveolae and caveolae-dependent internalization 2,3 |
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Adenosine A2A receptor |
Interact with caveolin-14 |
Internalization via raft-dependent mechanism 4 |
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Adenosine A2B receptor |
Human 6 |
Intestinal epithelial cell line 6 |
n.a |
Detergent-free 6 |
The receptor localization in caveolae was increased after apical or basolateral stimulation of receptor with adenosine 6 |
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor |
Bound caveolin-17 |
Detergent-free7,8; Detergent-dependent 8; Electron microscopy 9 |
Agonist stimulation leads to translocation to caveolae 7 or non-caveolin lipid raft 8 or has no effect on localization 9; Caveolin-binding mutation reduces the plasma membrane expression, agonist-dependent internalization and phospholipase C production 9; Microtubules are essential in translocating the AT1 receptor to caveolae 10; Receptors movement into caveolae is necessary for ROS production, Rac1 activation, Sos-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, ROS-dependent Akt phosphorylation and VSMC hypertrophy 11 |
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Bradykinin B1 receptor |
Rabbit 12 |
Putative caveolin binding motif 13 |
Agonist induced caveolae translocation to caveolae12; Receptor localization in CLR did not changed in response to agonist 13 |
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Bradykinin B2 receptor |
HEK 293 13; DDT1-MF-2 smooth muscle cell 14; Epithelial carcinoma cell line 15; Aortic endothelial cells 16 |
Putative caveolin binding motif 13 |
Detergent-free 14, 16; Detergent-dependent 14, Confocal microscopy 15, Immunoblotting 13 |
Agonist BK induced movement of receptor, Gαq and Gαi to caveolae 15, 14; BK treatment leads to translocation of receptor out of caveolae 16; OR had no effect on localization 13 |
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Calcium-sensing receptor |
Ischemic preconditioning increases ERK1/2 phosphorylation in caveolin-3-enriched fraction 19 |
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Cannabinoid receptor |
n.a |
Detergent-free based on Opti prep density gradient 20; Confocal microscopy 20 |
Agonist treamtnet decreases the receptor associated with lipid raft 20; Receptor partially internalized via caveolae 22 |
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CC chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) |
Human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells 26; HeLa cells24; GEM NKR T cells 23; CHO cells25 |
Palmitoylation of C-terminal domain 27 |
Functional receptor localizes to lipid raft upon agonist treatment 23; CCR5 internalized via caveolae-dependent way 25 |
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CC chemokine receptor type 6 (CCR6) |
Human 28 |
Jurkat cells 28 |
n.a |
Detergent-dependent 28 |
MβCD treatment impaired receptor-induced chemotaxis 28 |