δ-opioid receptor

Organism	Rat 1; Mouse 2, 3 1. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.
Functional implication	MβcCD treatment attenuates cardiac protection from ischemic damage 1; Cav1 and cav3 expression attenuates N-type Ca2+ channels inhibition induced by receptor agonist 3; Agonist induced receptor movement out of lipid raft 2; MβCD treatment attenuates receptor-mediatied signaling in neuronal cells but increased it non-neuronal cells 2 1. a. b. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. a. b. c. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. a. b. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.
Methods used to detect raft association	Detergent-free 1, 2; Immunprecipitation 1; Detergent-dependent fractionation 3 1. a. b. c. d. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. a. b. c. d. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. a. b. c. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.
Mechanism of raft association	Associates with caveolin-3 1 1. a. b. c. d. e. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. a. b. c. d. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. a. b. c. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.
Caveolin-binding motif	Yes 2 1. a. b. c. d. e. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. a. b. c. d. e. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. a. b. c. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.
Cell type	Ventricular myocytes 1; Neuroblastoma ×glioma NG108-15 hybrid cell 3, 2; CHO cells 2 1. a. b. c. d. e. f. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. a. b. c. d. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.
Species	Rat 1; Hamster 2; Mouse ×Rat 3 1. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. a. b. c. d. e. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.
Receptor expression	Endogenous 1,2, 3; Stable transfection 2 1. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50. 2. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49. 3. a. b. c. d. e. f. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.

Refrences

Rat 1; Hamster 2; Mouse ×Rat 3

1. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. [406] Patel, HH, Head BP, Petersen HN, Niesman IR, Huang D, Gross GJ, Insel PA, Roth DM. 2006. Protection of adult rat cardiac myocytes from ischemic cell death: role of caveolar microdomains and delta-opioid receptors. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H344-50.
2. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. [371] Huang, P, Xu W, Yoon SI, Chen C, Chong PL, Liu-Chen LY. 2007. Cholesterol reduction by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin attenuates the delta opioid receptor-mediated signaling in neuronal cells but enhances it in non-neuronal cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 73:534-49.
3. a. b. c. d. e. [433] Toselli, M, Taglietti V, Parente V, Flati S, Pavan A, Guzzi F, Parenti M. 2001. Attenuation of G protein-mediated inhibition of N-type calcium currents by expression of caveolins in mammalian NG108-15 cells. J Physiol. 536:361-73.

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δ-opioid receptor